RAINBOW MIND MAP
Exploring the World of Machines
Kinds of Simple Machine
Simple machines include the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. These basic machines form the foundation for more complex machinery.
The Study of Machines
Mechanics is the branch of physics that studies machines and their behavior. It includes statics (study of forces) and dynamics (study of motion under forces).
Functions of a Machine
Machines primarily function to: 1) Transfer energy, 2) Multiply force, 3) Change direction of force, 4) Multiply speed, and 5) Transform energy from one form to another.
General Terms Used
Key terms include: Effort (input force), Load (output force), Mechanical Advantage (load/effort), Efficiency (output/input), Velocity Ratio, and Friction.
Levers
Levers are rigid bars that pivot on a fulcrum. There are three classes: 1st class (fulcrum in middle), 2nd class (load in middle), and 3rd class (effort in middle).
Pulley
A pulley is a wheel with a grooved rim that carries a rope or chain. Types include fixed (changes direction), movable (multiplies force), and compound (combination).
Mechanical Principles
Key principles include conservation of energy, work-energy theorem, torque, equilibrium conditions, and the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.
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