Physics Numericals with Answers
Numerical 1: A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a velocity of 30 m/s in 10 seconds. Calculate the acceleration and distance covered.
Acceleration (a) = (v-u)/t = (30 - 0)/10 = 3 m/s²
Distance (s) = ut + 1/2 at² = 0 + 0.5 × 3 × 10² = 150 m
Numerical 2: A 5 kg object is dropped from a height of 20 m. Calculate the velocity just before hitting the ground. (Take g = 9.8 m/s²)
v = √(2gh) = √(2 × 9.8 × 20) = √392 ≈ 19.8 m/s
Numerical 3: A force of 10 N is applied on a body of mass 2 kg. Calculate the acceleration produced.
Using Newton’s 2nd law: F = ma
a = F/m = 10/2 = 5 m/s²
Numerical 4: Calculate the work done in moving a 10 kg box through a distance of 5 m with a force of 20 N.
Work done, W = F × d = 20 × 5 = 100 J
Numerical 5: A pendulum of length 1 m oscillates with a period of 2 s. Calculate acceleration due to gravity.
Period, T = 2π√(l/g)
=> g = 4π²l / T² = 4 × (3.1416)² × 1 / 4 = 9.87 m/s²
Numerical 6: An object of mass 4 kg is moving with velocity 3 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.
K.E. = 1/2 mv² = 0.5 × 4 × 3² = 18 J
Numerical 7: Calculate the potential energy of a 2 kg body raised to a height of 5 m.
P.E. = mgh = 2 × 9.8 × 5 = 98 J
Numerical 8: The current through a wire is 5 A, and the resistance is 4 Ω. Calculate the voltage across the wire.
V = IR = 5 × 4 = 20 V
Numerical 9: Calculate the power dissipated in a resistor of 10 Ω when a current of 3 A flows through it.
P = I²R = 3² × 10 = 90 W
Numerical 10: A wave has a frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 2 m. Calculate its velocity.
v = fλ = 50 × 2 = 100 m/s
Numerical 11: Calculate the momentum of a 0.5 kg ball moving with velocity 10 m/s.
p = mv = 0.5 × 10 = 5 kg·m/s
Numerical 12: A gas exerts a pressure of 2000 Pa on a surface area of 0.5 m². Calculate the force exerted.
F = P × A = 2000 × 0.5 = 1000 N
Numerical 13: Calculate the frequency of a pendulum that completes 40 oscillations in 80 seconds.
Frequency, f = number of oscillations / time = 40 / 80 = 0.5 Hz
Numerical 14: The wavelength of a light wave in vacuum is 600 nm. Calculate its frequency. (Speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s)
λ = 600 nm = 600 × 10⁻⁹ m
f = c / λ = 3 × 10⁸ / 600 × 10⁻⁹ = 5 × 10¹⁴ Hz
Numerical 15: Calculate the refractive index of a medium if the speed of light in it is 2 × 10⁸ m/s.
n = speed of light in vacuum / speed in medium = 3 × 10⁸ / 2 × 10⁸ = 1.5
Numerical 16: A wire of length 2 m and cross-sectional area 0.5 mm² has a resistance of 1 Ω. Calculate the resistivity of the material.
A = 0.5 mm² = 0.5 × 10⁻⁶ m²
Resistance, R = ρ (L/A)
=> ρ = RA / L = 1 × (0.5 × 10⁻⁶) / 2 = 2.5 × 10⁻⁷ Ω·m
Numerical 17: Calculate the density of an object if its mass is 500 g and volume is 250 cm³.
Density, ρ = mass/volume = 500 g / 250 cm³ = 2 g/cm³ = 2000 kg/m³
Numerical 18: Calculate the thermal energy produced when 2 kg of water is heated from 20°C to 80°C. (Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg°C)
Q = mcΔT = 2 × 4200 × (80 - 20) = 504000 J
Numerical 19: A projectile is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 20 m/s. Calculate the maximum height reached.
Using v² = u² - 2gh (v=0 at max height)
h = u² / 2g = 20² / (2 × 9.8) = 400 / 19.6 ≈ 20.41 m
Numerical 20: Calculate the frequency of a simple harmonic oscillator with a spring constant 200 N/m and mass 0.5 kg.
f = 1/2π √(k/m) = 1/6.283 √(200/0.5) = 0.159 × √400 = 0.159 × 20 = 3.18 Hz
We will love to hear your thoughts — please share your comment on the blog post above!